And coaxial cable transmission systems, optical network systems need to be coupled to an optical signal, branch distribution, which requires to achieve optical splitter, the optical splitter is a fiber optic link, one of the most important passive components , the tandem device having a plurality of optical fiber input end and a plurality of output terminals, commonly used to represent an M × N splitter with M inputs and N outputs. Optical splitter used in the optical fiber CATV systems are generally 1 × 2,1 × 3 and composed by them 1 × N optical splitter.
1. Spectroscopic principle optical splitter
Optical splitter according to the principle can be divided into two kinds of optical fiber waveguides and planar, Optical Fiber products are tapered to the side two or more fibers were fused together; optical waveguide-type optical element is a micro-products, the use of light lithography on a semiconductor substrate or dielectric waveguide is formed to achieve branch distribution function. This is similar to the principle of two types of spectroscopic, their mutual coupling (coupling, coupling length), and the radius of the fiber-optic changed to achieve different sizes by varying the amount of branches of the evanescent field between the fibers, conversely multiplexed optical signals may be combined into one signal called a synthesizer. Fused fiber coupler due to the production method is simple, cheap, easy to connect with an external optical fiber into a whole, but also resistant to mechanical vibrations and temperature changes Fu, etc., it has now become the market mainstream manufacturing technology.
FBT method is to two (or more than two) to remove the fiber coating to a certain method by interference, high-temperature heating melted simultaneously stretched to both sides, forming a double cone in the form of heating zones special waveguide structure by controlling the angle of torsion and tensile fiber length can be obtained in different spectral ratio. Finally, the tapered region with a curing adhesive cured on a quartz substrate is inserted into the stainless steel brass, which is an optical splitter. This production process due to inconsistent curing adhesive thermal expansion coefficient of a quartz substrate, a stainless steel tube, the degree of change in the ambient temperature on the thermal expansion and contraction inconsistency, such a situation easily lead to optical splitter damage, especially in the optical splitter on the field situation even worse, and this is easily damaged optical splitter was the most important reason. For more splitters large ones can produce more than two splitter components.
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